Remote Pilot Certificate: Complete Process from Application to Renewal

📅 Published: January 2025 | ⏱️ 15 min read | 🎯 Process Guide | 📝 Step-by-Step

🎯 What You'll Learn

This comprehensive guide walks you through every step of obtaining and maintaining your FAA Remote Pilot Certificate under Part 107. From creating your IACRA account to taking the exam, receiving your certificate, and renewing every 24 months—everything you need to know is here.

What is a Remote Pilot Certificate?

The Remote Pilot Certificate with a Small UAS Rating (commonly called the "Part 107 certificate" or "drone license") is the FAA certification required to operate drones commercially in the United States. Whether you're flying for real estate photography, agricultural surveys, infrastructure inspections, or any other business purpose, you must hold this certificate.

This certificate demonstrates that you understand:

Eligibility Requirements

Before starting the application process, ensure you meet these FAA requirements:

Requirement Details
Minimum Age At least 16 years old (you can study and take the exam before turning 16, but cannot receive the certificate until your 16th birthday)
English Proficiency Able to read, speak, write, and understand English
Physical/Mental Fitness Must not have any known physical or mental condition that would interfere with safe UAS operation (no formal medical exam required, but self-assessment is mandatory)
TSA Security Check Must pass Transportation Security Administration background check
Knowledge Test Pass the FAA Aeronautical Knowledge Test with at least 70% (42 out of 60 questions)

No Flight Experience Required: Unlike manned aircraft pilot licenses, you do NOT need any prior flight experience or flight training hours to obtain your Part 107 certificate. The certification is purely knowledge-based.

Complete Step-by-Step Process

Step 1: Create IACRA Account & Get Your FTN (10 minutes)

Your first step is obtaining an FAA Tracking Number (FTN) through the Integrated Airman Certification and Rating Application (IACRA) system.

  1. Visit iacra.faa.gov
  2. Click "Register" in the upper right corner
  3. Select "Applicant" and agree to Terms of Service
  4. Fill out your personal information (name, date of birth, address, email, phone)
  5. Leave the "Certificate Information" section blank unless you already hold an FAA certificate
  6. Submit the form and receive your FTN (FAA Tracking Number) immediately
  7. Write down your FTN – you'll need it throughout your aviation career!

Pro Tip: Take a screenshot of your IACRA home screen showing your FTN, and email it to yourself. You'll use this number for scheduling your exam and completing your application.

Step 2: Study for the Knowledge Test (15-25 hours)

The FAA estimates most applicants will spend approximately 20 hours studying for the exam. Those with aviation experience may require less time.

Study Resources:

  • FAA Remote Pilot Study Guide – Official free guide
  • FAA Testing Supplement (CT-8080-2H) – Contains figures used on exam
  • Commercial prep courses – Drone Pilot Ground School, Pilot Institute, etc.
  • Practice exams – Highly recommended to familiarize yourself with question format

Exam Topics and Approximate Weight:

  • Regulations (22 questions) – Part 107 rules, waivers, reporting
  • Airspace (13 questions) – Classifications, charts, authorizations
  • Weather (6 questions) – METARs, TAFs, effects on operations
  • Loading & Performance (4 questions) – Weight, balance, flight characteristics
  • Operations (15 questions) – Safety, ADM, crew resource management

Step 3: Schedule Your Exam with PSI (Takes 5 minutes)

The Part 107 knowledge test is administered by PSI (Pearson Services Inc.) at approximately 800 FAA-approved testing centers nationwide.

  1. Create a PSI account at faa.psiexams.com
  2. Use your FTN from IACRA to register
  3. Search for testing centers near you by zip code
  4. Select "Unmanned Aircraft General - Small (UAG)" for initial certification
  5. Choose your preferred date and time
  6. Pay the $175 exam fee (non-refundable)

Cost Note: The $175 fee goes entirely to PSI for test administration. The FAA does not receive any portion of this fee. This is a one-time cost for initial certification.

Scheduling Tip: Book your exam 2-3 weeks out to give yourself adequate study time and ensure your preferred time slot is available. Testing centers can fill up quickly, especially on weekends.

Step 4: Take the Knowledge Test (2 hours)

On exam day, arrive at the PSI testing center prepared and confident.

What to Bring:

  • Valid government-issued photo ID (driver's license, passport, military ID)
  • Your ID must show your current physical address, or bring supplemental proof (utility bill, vehicle registration)
  • Confirmation email or appointment details (optional but helpful)

What's Provided:

  • Computer for taking the exam
  • Scratch paper and pencil
  • Basic calculator
  • Testing supplement (figures and charts)
  • Navigational plotter and E6B flight computer (analog versions)

What's NOT Allowed:

  • Cell phones, smart watches, or electronic devices
  • Personal calculators (use the one provided)
  • Study materials or notes
  • Bags, backpacks, or purses in testing area

Exam Details:

  • 60 multiple-choice questions (three options: A, B, or C)
  • 2-hour time limit (most people finish in 60-90 minutes)
  • 70% passing score – need at least 42 correct answers
  • Questions appear one at a time on the computer screen
  • You can mark questions to review later
  • Results provided immediately upon completion

⚠️ If You Don't Pass

If you score below 70%, you must wait 14 calendar days before retaking the exam. You'll need to pay the $175 fee again. There's no limit on the number of attempts.

Don't panic! Many successful drone pilots didn't pass on their first try. Use your score report to identify weak areas and focus your studying there.

Exam Strategy: Read each question carefully, eliminate obviously wrong answers first, and don't overthink. Many questions reference figures in the supplement—make sure you're looking at the correct figure number!

Step 5: Complete FAA Form 8710-13 in IACRA (15 minutes)

Once you pass the exam, you'll receive a test results report with a 17-digit Knowledge Test Exam ID. You need this to complete your certificate application.

  1. Log back into your IACRA account at iacra.faa.gov
  2. Click "Start New Application"
  3. Select:
    • Application Type: "Pilot"
    • Certifications: "Remote Pilot"
    • Path: "Other" (for initial applicants)
  4. Fill out all required sections of Form 8710-13
  5. Enter your 17-digit Knowledge Test Exam ID
  6. Review all information for accuracy
  7. Sign the application electronically
  8. Submit for processing

Critical: Double-check that all your personal information matches exactly what's on your government ID. Discrepancies can delay the TSA background check.

Step 6: TSA Security Background Check (2-4 weeks)

After submitting Form 8710-13, your application automatically goes to the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) for a security background check. This applies to all applicants regardless of nationality or citizenship status.

What Happens:

  • TSA conducts a Security Threat Analysis (STA)
  • Typical processing time: 2-4 weeks (can be shorter or longer)
  • No action required on your part—just wait
  • You'll receive an email when the check is complete

Status Updates: You can check your application status by logging into IACRA. The system will show whether your application is pending TSA review or has been approved.

Step 7: Print Your Temporary Certificate (Same day as TSA approval)

Once the TSA clears your background check, you'll receive an email with instructions to print your Temporary Remote Pilot Certificate from IACRA.

  1. Log into IACRA
  2. Navigate to your completed application
  3. Download and print the temporary certificate (PDF)
  4. Keep multiple copies—one in your flight bag, one at home

Temporary Certificate Details:

  • Valid for 120 days from issuance
  • You can legally fly commercially with this temporary certificate
  • Must be carried with you during all Part 107 operations
  • Serves as proof of certification while you wait for the permanent card

Start Flying! You don't have to wait for the plastic card. Once you have your temporary certificate, you're a legal commercial drone pilot. Congratulations!

Step 8: Receive Permanent Certificate (6-8 weeks)

Your permanent Remote Pilot Certificate will be mailed to the address you provided in IACRA.

What to Expect:

  • Arrives as a plastic card (credit card size) via USPS
  • Typical delivery: 6-8 weeks after TSA approval
  • No expiration date on the certificate itself
  • Includes your certificate number, name, and rating

Address Changes: If you move before receiving your permanent certificate, update your address in IACRA immediately. The FAA will not forward certificates—they'll be returned as undeliverable.

Alternative Path: For Part 61 Pilots

If you already hold a manned aircraft pilot certificate under Part 61 (Private Pilot, Commercial Pilot, etc.) and have a current flight review, you can skip the knowledge test and follow this faster path:

  1. Create IACRA account and get your FTN (same as above)
  2. Complete the FAA Part 107 Small UAS Initial (ALC-451) online training course (free)
  3. Complete Form 8710-13 in IACRA
  4. Schedule appointment with a Designated Pilot Examiner (DPE), FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO), or Airman Certification Representative (ACR)
  5. Bring:
    • Completed Form 8710-13
    • Proof of current flight review
    • Government-issued photo ID
    • Your Part 61 pilot certificate
    • Online course completion certificate
  6. The representative verifies your documents and identity
  7. Temporary certificate issued on the spot
  8. TSA background check proceeds as normal
  9. Permanent certificate arrives in 6-8 weeks

Note: Part 61 pilots can also choose to take the full Part 107 knowledge test if they prefer. Both paths result in the same certificate.

Maintaining Your Certificate: Recurrent Training

Your Remote Pilot Certificate does not expire, but your privilege to operate under Part 107 must be renewed every 24 calendar months through recurrent training.

Recurrent Training Requirements

To maintain current status, you must complete one of the following within every 24-month period:

  1. Part 107 Small UAS Recurrent Training (ALC-677) – Free online course for most remote pilots
  2. Part 107 Small UAS Recurrent Training for Part 61 Pilots (ALC-515) – Free online course for current Part 61 pilots with flight review
  3. Retake the initial Part 107 knowledge test – You can retake the full 60-question exam at a PSI testing center ($175), though this is rarely chosen

How to Complete Recurrent Training (Most Common Path)

Step 1: Create FAASafety.gov Account

  1. Visit FAASafety.gov
  2. Click "Create an Account"
  3. Indicate you hold a current airman certificate
  4. Enter your Remote Pilot certificate number
  5. Complete registration

Step 2: Enroll in Recurrent Training

  1. Log into FAASafety.gov
  2. Find "Part 107 Small UAS Recurrent (ALC-677)" or ALC-515 if you're a Part 61 pilot
  3. Click "Enroll in Course"

Step 3: Complete the Training

Step 4: Pass the Online Exam

Step 5: Download Completion Certificate

  1. Upon passing, download your PDF completion certificate
  2. Print it out and keep with your Remote Pilot certificate
  3. Email it to yourself for backup
  4. Store a copy in cloud storage

đź’° Cost: FREE

Unlike the initial certification ($175), recurrent training is completely free. The FAA made this change in 2021 to make it easier for pilots to maintain their currency.

When is Recurrent Training Due?

Your 24-month clock starts from:

Example: If you passed your Part 107 exam in June 2023, you must complete recurrent training by the end of June 2025. The specific day doesn't matter—you have until the last day of that calendar month.

Pro Tip: Set a calendar reminder 2-4 weeks before your recurrent training is due. This gives you plenty of time to complete it without last-minute stress.

What Happens If I Let My Currency Lapse?

If you don't complete recurrent training within the 24-month window:

Important: Flying commercially while your recurrent training is overdue is a violation of Part 107 and can result in FAA enforcement action, including fines up to $27,500 per violation.

What to Carry While Flying

During all Part 107 operations, you must have readily accessible:

Keep digital copies on your phone and physical copies in your flight bag.

FAQs About the Remote Pilot Certificate

Do I need a medical exam?

No. Part 107 does not require a formal medical certificate. However, you must honestly self-assess that you have no physical or mental condition that would interfere with safe drone operation.

Can I fly drones before I turn 16?

Yes, for practice. You can study and take the exam before age 16, but you cannot receive the certificate or fly commercially until you turn 16. You can fly recreationally under the Exception for Recreational Flyers at any age.

Do I need to own a drone to get certified?

No. The certificate licenses YOU as a remote pilot, not a specific aircraft. You don't need to own or have access to a drone to obtain Part 107 certification.

How long does the entire process take?

Typical timeline: 3-6 weeks

What if I fail the exam?

You must wait 14 calendar days before retaking the test and pay the $175 fee again. There's no limit on attempts. Use your detailed score report to identify weak areas.

Can I fly at night with a Part 107 certificate?

Yes, as of April 21, 2021. Part 107 pilots can operate at night without a waiver, provided they complete the updated recurrent training that covers night operations. You must also meet anti-collision lighting requirements (visible for 3 statute miles).

What's the difference between Part 107 and recreational flying?

Part 107 is for commercial operations (anything for business, work, or compensation). Recreational flying is for pure hobby/fun and requires passing the TRUST exam (free online test). You cannot use recreational rules for any commercial purpose.

Is Part 107 valid internationally?

No. The Part 107 certificate is only valid for operations within the United States and its territories. Other countries have their own drone regulations and certification requirements. Currently, the U.S. has no bilateral agreements allowing Part 107 to be recognized elsewhere.

Cost Summary

Item Cost
IACRA Account Creation FREE
Study Materials (optional prep courses) $0 - $300
Initial Knowledge Test $175
TSA Background Check FREE (included)
Certificate Processing FREE
Recurrent Training (every 24 months) FREE
TOTAL (Minimum) $175

Resources & Links

Final Tips for Success

âś… Before Your Exam

âś… During Your Exam

âś… After Certification

Conclusion

Obtaining your FAA Remote Pilot Certificate is a straightforward process that opens the door to commercial drone operations. While the steps may seem numerous, each one is simple and clearly defined. The entire journey—from creating your IACRA account to receiving your plastic certificate—typically takes 4-8 weeks.

The hardest part is studying for and passing the knowledge test, but with dedicated preparation and the right resources, most applicants pass on their first attempt. The recurrent training requirement every 24 months ensures you stay current on regulations and safety practices, and the FAA has made it free and convenient through online training.

Once you have your certificate, you'll join a growing community of professional drone pilots working in industries from agriculture to entertainment, public safety to infrastructure inspection. Your Remote Pilot Certificate is your ticket to a rewarding career in this exciting and rapidly expanding field.

🎯 Ready to Start?

Your first step: Create your IACRA account today and get your FTN. Then begin studying for the knowledge test. With focus and preparation, you could be a certified commercial drone pilot in just a few weeks!

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